The government introduced a programme called INTAB (intensification of kampung chicken)
in the 1980s, targeting groups of farmers who co-operatively participated in the provincial
projects. As mentioned earlier, each project consisted of a group of 20 to 50 farmers
receiving a package of technology for kampung chicken farming. The package provided 100
mature female birds, medicines, cages and temporary feed consisting of commercial feed and
local ingredients (mostly rice bran). Training of the farmers was one part of the project and it
was usually undertaken before the farm was set up. The government offered technology to
each farmer. The local government also provided technical supervision during the term of the
project, which in most cases was one year. The project’s progress was also monitored. Project
supervisors assisted in the establishment of a farming system and in its business management,
including the securing of loans, banking and marketing activities.
Following the fast development of the improved poultry industry, the intensification of
kampung chicken should be encouraged. The availability of feed ingredients, medicines and
commercial rations for the improved poultry industry has led to intensification in kampung
chicken rearing and this should assist the industry to continue to exist and to expand.
Following the INTAB programme, another programme called INVAK was introduced to
vaccinate kampung chickens against ND. This programme has led the farmers to understand
that ND can be prevented by using an injection or an eye- or nose-drop vaccine. However, the
programme is not able to cover all kampung chickens reared under the traditional system,
even though the vaccine has been widely available throughout Indonesia from poultry shops.
(The number of poultry shops has been increasing.) In practice, it is difficult to vaccinate
scavenging chickens against ND. Scientists at the Research Institute for Veterinary Science
(RIVS) of the Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (AARD) have been
developing a new ND vaccine for kampung chickens. The vaccine was developed from a
local isolate and is given orally through chicken feed and/or laterally as a contact
transmission (Darminto, 1997). The results so far have indicated that vaccination in the
scavenging kampung chickens does not give sufficient protection against ND, as compared to
confined flocks of birds.
The attempt to increase the production of kampung chicken has to some extent been
successful, particularly in areas where feed, medicines and other facilities are easily obtained.
In remote areas with insufficient facilities, the programme has been less successful. Keeping
the chickens in cages provided with feed, water and medicine reportedly decreases mortality
and increases productivity. Furthermore, the government has recently launched a programme
called “Pengembangan Peternakan Rakyat Terpadu Berorientasi Agribisnis” or Integrated
Kampung Chicken Industry (Diwyanto et al., 1996). The programme has an agribusiness
orientation and is a continuation of the INTAB programme. Co-operators in this programme
include those who are experienced with kampung chicken farming. Each region is selected
according to the availability of support facilities, including physical facilities and
infrastructure. The number of chickens raised by each farmer depends on whether production
is for meat or eggs and whether a semi-intensive or fully intensive farming system is being
used. This programme is expected to increase the population of kampung chickens and
eventually to increase farmers’ incomes.
in the 1980s, targeting groups of farmers who co-operatively participated in the provincial
projects. As mentioned earlier, each project consisted of a group of 20 to 50 farmers
receiving a package of technology for kampung chicken farming. The package provided 100
mature female birds, medicines, cages and temporary feed consisting of commercial feed and
local ingredients (mostly rice bran). Training of the farmers was one part of the project and it
was usually undertaken before the farm was set up. The government offered technology to
each farmer. The local government also provided technical supervision during the term of the
project, which in most cases was one year. The project’s progress was also monitored. Project
supervisors assisted in the establishment of a farming system and in its business management,
including the securing of loans, banking and marketing activities.
Following the fast development of the improved poultry industry, the intensification of
kampung chicken should be encouraged. The availability of feed ingredients, medicines and
commercial rations for the improved poultry industry has led to intensification in kampung
chicken rearing and this should assist the industry to continue to exist and to expand.
Following the INTAB programme, another programme called INVAK was introduced to
vaccinate kampung chickens against ND. This programme has led the farmers to understand
that ND can be prevented by using an injection or an eye- or nose-drop vaccine. However, the
programme is not able to cover all kampung chickens reared under the traditional system,
even though the vaccine has been widely available throughout Indonesia from poultry shops.
(The number of poultry shops has been increasing.) In practice, it is difficult to vaccinate
scavenging chickens against ND. Scientists at the Research Institute for Veterinary Science
(RIVS) of the Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (AARD) have been
developing a new ND vaccine for kampung chickens. The vaccine was developed from a
local isolate and is given orally through chicken feed and/or laterally as a contact
transmission (Darminto, 1997). The results so far have indicated that vaccination in the
scavenging kampung chickens does not give sufficient protection against ND, as compared to
confined flocks of birds.
The attempt to increase the production of kampung chicken has to some extent been
successful, particularly in areas where feed, medicines and other facilities are easily obtained.
In remote areas with insufficient facilities, the programme has been less successful. Keeping
the chickens in cages provided with feed, water and medicine reportedly decreases mortality
and increases productivity. Furthermore, the government has recently launched a programme
called “Pengembangan Peternakan Rakyat Terpadu Berorientasi Agribisnis” or Integrated
Kampung Chicken Industry (Diwyanto et al., 1996). The programme has an agribusiness
orientation and is a continuation of the INTAB programme. Co-operators in this programme
include those who are experienced with kampung chicken farming. Each region is selected
according to the availability of support facilities, including physical facilities and
infrastructure. The number of chickens raised by each farmer depends on whether production
is for meat or eggs and whether a semi-intensive or fully intensive farming system is being
used. This programme is expected to increase the population of kampung chickens and
eventually to increase farmers’ incomes.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar